By Professor Vladimir A. Gubanov, Dr. Alexandr I. Liechtenstein, Dr. Andrei V. Postnikov (auth.)
The quantum idea of magnetism is a well-developed a part of modern solid-state physics. the elemental innovations of this concept can be utilized to explain such vital results as ferromagnetic ordering oflocalized magnetic moments in crystals and ferromagnetism of metals produced by means of basically delocalized electrons, in addition to a number of different types of mutual orientation of atomic magnetic moments in solids owning diversified crystal lattices and compositions. In contemporary years,the spin-fluctuational process has been built, which could triumph over a few contradictions among "localized" and "itinerant" types within the quantum mechanics of magnetic crystals. those are just the various primary achievements of quantum magnetic thought. just about all of the recognized magnetic homes of solids should be qualitat ively defined at the foundation of its suggestions. additional advancements may still open up the opportunity of trustworthy quantitative description of magnetic homes of solids. regrettably, such calculations in keeping with version strategies seem to be very complex and, ordinarily, now not yes sufficient. The relatively small variety of parameters of qualitative types should not in a position to consider the very types of magnetic interactions that seem in crystals. extra improvement of magnetic conception calls for quantitative details on digital wave functionality within the crystal thought of. this is proved via digital band constitution and cluster calculations. in lots of situations the latter could be a start line for quantitative calculations of parameters utilized in magnetic theory.
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